SSL – Create Root, Intermediate and Certificate in Chain

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Create a Chain Certificate (Root, Intermediate & Normal Chain) – Step-by-step
——————————————————————————————
ROOT CERTIFICATE
——————————————————————————————
mkdir /root/ca
cd /root/ca
mkdir certs crl newcerts private
chmod 700 private
touch index.txt
echo 1000 > serial
vim openssl.cnf

[ ca ]
# `man ca`
default_ca = CA_default

[ CA_default ]
# Directory and file locations.
dir               = /root/ca
certs             = $dir/certs
crl_dir           = $dir/crl
new_certs_dir     = $dir/newcerts
database          = $dir/index.txt
serial            = $dir/serial
RANDFILE          = $dir/private/.rand

# The root key and root certificate.
private_key       = $dir/private/root_haritibco.key.pem
certificate       = $dir/certs/root_haritibco.cert.pem

# For certificate revocation lists.
crlnumber         = $dir/crlnumber
crl               = $dir/crl/ca.crl.pem
crl_extensions    = crl_ext
default_crl_days  = 30

# SHA-1 is deprecated, so use SHA-2 instead.
default_md        = sha256

name_opt          = ca_default
cert_opt          = ca_default
default_days      = 375
preserve          = no
policy            = policy_strict

[ policy_strict ]
# The root CA should only sign intermediate certificates that match.
# See the POLICY FORMAT section of `man ca`.
countryName             = match
stateOrProvinceName     = match
organizationName        = match
organizationalUnitName  = optional
commonName              = supplied
emailAddress            = optional

[ policy_loose ]
# Allow the intermediate CA to sign a more diverse range of certificates.
# See the POLICY FORMAT section of the `ca` man page.
countryName             = optional
stateOrProvinceName     = optional
localityName            = optional
organizationName        = optional
organizationalUnitName  = optional
commonName              = supplied
emailAddress            = optional

[ req ]
# Options for the `req` tool (`man req`).
default_bits        = 2048
distinguished_name  = req_distinguished_name
string_mask         = utf8only

# SHA-1 is deprecated, so use SHA-2 instead.
default_md          = sha256

# Extension to add when the -x509 option is used.
x509_extensions     = v3_ca

[ req_distinguished_name ]
# See <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certificate_signing_request&gt;.
countryName                     = Country Name (2 letter code)
stateOrProvinceName             = State or Province Name
localityName                    = Locality Name
0.organizationName              = Organization Name
organizationalUnitName          = Organizational Unit Name
commonName                      = Common Name
emailAddress                    = Email Address

# Optionally, specify some defaults.
countryName_default             = IN
stateOrProvinceName_default     = Maharashtra
localityName_default            = Mumbai
0.organizationName_default      = Hari TIBCO Blog Ltd
organizationalUnitName_default  = HLL
emailAddress_default            = hsivabc@gmail.com

[ v3_ca ]
# Extensions for a typical CA (`man x509v3_config`).
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid:always,issuer
basicConstraints = critical, CA:true
keyUsage = critical, digitalSignature, cRLSign, keyCertSign

[ v3_intermediate_ca ]
# Extensions for a typical intermediate CA (`man x509v3_config`).
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid:always,issuer
basicConstraints = critical, CA:true, pathlen:0
keyUsage = critical, digitalSignature, cRLSign, keyCertSign

[ usr_cert ]
# Extensions for client certificates (`man x509v3_config`).
basicConstraints = CA:FALSE
nsCertType = client, email
nsComment = “OpenSSL Generated Client Certificate”
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid,issuer
keyUsage = critical, nonRepudiation, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
extendedKeyUsage = clientAuth, emailProtection

[ server_cert ]
# Extensions for server certificates (`man x509v3_config`).
basicConstraints = CA:FALSE
nsCertType = server
nsComment = “OpenSSL Generated Server Certificate”
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid,issuer:always
keyUsage = critical, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
extendedKeyUsage = serverAuth

[ crl_ext ]
# Extension for CRLs (`man x509v3_config`).
authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid:always

[ ocsp ]
# Extension for OCSP signing certificates (`man ocsp`).
basicConstraints = CA:FALSE
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid,issuer
keyUsage = critical, digitalSignature
extendedKeyUsage = critical, OCSPSigning

(Create root key)
cd /root/ca
openssl genrsa -aes256 -out private/root_haritibco.key.pem 4096
****test12345***
chmod 400 private/root_haritibco.key.pem
(Create root certificate)
cd /root/ca
openssl req -config openssl.cnf \
-key private/root_haritibco.key.pem \
-new -x509 -days 7300 -sha256 -extensions v3_ca \
-out certs/root_haritibco.cert.pem
chmod 444 certs/root_haritibco.cert.pem
(Verify Root Certificate)
openssl x509 -noout -text -in certs/root_haritibco.cert.pem

——————————————————————————————
INTERMEDIATE CERTIFICATE
——————————————————————————————
mkdir /root/ca/intermediate
cd /root/ca/intermediate
mkdir certs crl csr newcerts private
chmod 700 private
touch index.txt
echo 1000 > serial
echo 1000 > /root/ca/intermediate/crlnumber
cd /root/ca

vim openssl.cnf

# OpenSSL intermediate CA configuration file.
# Copy to `/root/ca/intermediate/openssl.cnf`.

[ ca ]
# `man ca`
default_ca = CA_default

[ CA_default ]
# Directory and file locations.
dir               = /root/ca/intermediate
certs             = $dir/certs
crl_dir           = $dir/crl
new_certs_dir     = $dir/newcerts
database          = $dir/index.txt
serial            = $dir/serial
RANDFILE          = $dir/private/.rand

# The root key and root certificate.
private_key       = $dir/private/inter_haritibco.key.pem
certificate       = $dir/certs/inter_haritibco.cert.pem

# For certificate revocation lists.
crlnumber         = $dir/crlnumber
crl               = $dir/crl/inter_haritibco.crl.pem
crl_extensions    = crl_ext
default_crl_days  = 30

# SHA-1 is deprecated, so use SHA-2 instead.
default_md        = sha256

name_opt          = ca_default
cert_opt          = ca_default
default_days      = 375
preserve          = no
policy            = policy_loose

[ policy_strict ]
# The root CA should only sign intermediate certificates that match.
# See the POLICY FORMAT section of `man ca`.
countryName             = match
stateOrProvinceName     = match
organizationName        = match
organizationalUnitName  = optional
commonName              = supplied
emailAddress            = optional

[ policy_loose ]
# Allow the intermediate CA to sign a more diverse range of certificates.
# See the POLICY FORMAT section of the `ca` man page.
countryName             = optional
stateOrProvinceName     = optional
localityName            = optional
organizationName        = optional
organizationalUnitName  = optional
commonName              = supplied
emailAddress            = optional

[ req ]
# Options for the `req` tool (`man req`).
default_bits        = 2048
distinguished_name  = req_distinguished_name
string_mask         = utf8only

# SHA-1 is deprecated, so use SHA-2 instead.
default_md          = sha256

# Extension to add when the -x509 option is used.
x509_extensions     = v3_ca

[ req_distinguished_name ]
# See <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certificate_signing_request&gt;.
countryName                     = Country Name (2 letter code)
stateOrProvinceName             = State or Province Name
localityName                    = Locality Name
0.organizationName              = Organization Name
organizationalUnitName          = Organizational Unit Name
commonName                      = Common Name
emailAddress                    = Email Address

# Optionally, specify some defaults.
countryName_default             = IN
stateOrProvinceName_default     = Maharashtra
localityName_default            = Mumbai
0.organizationName_default      = Hari TIBCO Blog Ltd
organizationalUnitName_default  = HLL
emailAddress_default            = hsivabc@gmail.com

[ v3_ca ]
# Extensions for a typical CA (`man x509v3_config`).
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid:always,issuer
basicConstraints = critical, CA:true
keyUsage = critical, digitalSignature, cRLSign, keyCertSign

[ v3_intermediate_ca ]
# Extensions for a typical intermediate CA (`man x509v3_config`).
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid:always,issuer
basicConstraints = critical, CA:true, pathlen:0
keyUsage = critical, digitalSignature, cRLSign, keyCertSign

[ usr_cert ]
# Extensions for client certificates (`man x509v3_config`).
basicConstraints = CA:FALSE
nsCertType = client, email
nsComment = “OpenSSL Generated Client Certificate”
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid,issuer
keyUsage = critical, nonRepudiation, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
extendedKeyUsage = clientAuth, emailProtection

[ server_cert ]
# Extensions for server certificates (`man x509v3_config`).
basicConstraints = CA:FALSE
nsCertType = server
nsComment = “OpenSSL Generated Server Certificate”
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid,issuer:always
keyUsage = critical, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
extendedKeyUsage = serverAuth

[ crl_ext ]
# Extension for CRLs (`man x509v3_config`).
authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid:always

[ ocsp ]
# Extension for OCSP signing certificates (`man ocsp`).
basicConstraints = CA:FALSE
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid,issuer
keyUsage = critical, digitalSignature
extendedKeyUsage = critical, OCSPSigning

openssl genrsa -aes256 \
-out intermediate/private/inter_haritibco.key.pem 4096
*****test12345****
chmod 400 intermediate/private/inter_haritibco.key.pem

cd /root/ca
openssl req -config intermediate/openssl.cnf -new -sha256 \
-key intermediate/private/inter_haritibco.key.pem \
-out intermediate/csr/inter_haritibco.csr.pem
cd /root/ca
openssl ca -config openssl.cnf -extensions v3_intermediate_ca \
-days 3650 -notext -md sha256 \
-in intermediate/csr/inter_haritibco.csr.pem \
-out intermediate/certs/inter_haritibco.cert.pem
chmod 444 intermediate/certs/inter_haritibco.cert.pem

openssl x509 -noout -text \
-in intermediate/certs/inter_haritibco.cert.pem

openssl verify -CAfile certs/root_haritibco.cert.pem \
intermediate/certs/inter_haritibco.cert.pem

cat intermediate/certs/inter_haritibco.cert.pem \
certs/ca.cert.pem > intermediate/certs/chain_haritibco.cert.pem
chmod 444 intermediate/certs/chain_haritibco.cert.pem

—————————————————————————
CERTIFICATE
—————————————————————————
cd /root/ca
openssl genrsa -aes256 \
-out intermediate/private/haritibcoblog.key.pem 2048
chmod 400 intermediate/private/haritibcoblog.key.pem

cd /root/ca
openssl req -config intermediate/openssl.cnf \
-key intermediate/private/haritibcoblog.key.pem \
-new -sha256 -out intermediate/csr/haritibcoblog.csr.pem

cd /root/ca
openssl ca -config intermediate/openssl.cnf \
-extensions server_cert -days 375 -notext -md sha256 \
-in intermediate/csr/haritibcoblog.csr.pem \
-out intermediate/certs/haritibcoblog.cert.pem
chmod 444 intermediate/certs/haritibcoblog.cert.pem

openssl x509 -noout -text \
-in intermediate/certs/haritibcoblog.cert.pem

openssl verify -CAfile intermediate/certs/chain_haritibco.cert.pem \
intermediate/certs/haritibcoblog.cert.pem

 

 

 

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